Excitation Emission Spectra for the C2 radical in a C2H2/O2 flame

Transitions: Swan bands: d ³P_g <--> a ³P_u (0,0), (1,1), (2,2), (3,3) bands (excitation wavelength: about 518,0 nm to 476,0 nm)

Mulliken bands: D ¹S_u⁺ <--> X ¹S_g⁺ (0,2), (1,3), (2,4) bands (excitation wavelength: about 253 nm to 248 nm)

Mulliken bands: D ¹S_u⁺ <--> X ¹S_g⁺ (0,1), (1,2), (2,3) bands (excitation wavelength: about 242 nm to 238 nm)

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EES, point of measurement:

center (inner cone of the flame)

Excitation wavelength:

UV: no UV excitation

VIS: 522,00 nm to 476,00 nm

Emission wavelength:

290 nm to 710 nm

EES, point of measurement:

off-center (outer range of the flame)

Excitation wavelength:

UV: no UV excitation

VIS: 522,00 nm to 476,00 nm

Emission wavelength:

290 nm to710 nm

Single Image:

local distribution of signals inside the flame

Excitation wavelength:

UV: no UV excitation

VIS: 512,68 nm

Detected signals:

Rayleigh scattering: VIS (weak)

C2-LIF d-a / from d-a (0,0), (1,1), (2,2) ... excitations:

(Swan bands, starting at 518,0 nm)

C2-LIF / Swan band emissions:

(438 nm, 473 nm, 516 nm, 563 nm, 619 nm, 685 nm)

broadband fluorescence of hydrocarbon species:

(about 300 nm to 450 nm, maximum at about 405 nm)

Detected signals:

Rayleigh scattering: VIS

C2-LIF d-a

broadband fluorescence of hydrocarbon species:

(about 400 nm)

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CCD dynamic: 12 bit / ICCD gain: 7,5 / entrance slit: 50 mm / sum of pulses: 30 /

VIS pulse energy: about 22,2 to 27,3 mJ/pulse

EES, point of measurement:

center (inner cone of the flame)

Excitation wavelength:

UV: 248,50 nm to 238,00 nm

VIS: 497,00 nm to 476,00 nm

(UV and VIS simultaneously)

Emission wavelength:

180 nm to 600 nm

EES, point of measurement:

off-center (outer range of the flame)

Excitation wavelength:

UV: 248,50 nm to 238,00 nm

VIS: 497,00 nm to 476,00 nm

(UV and VIS simultaneously)

Emission wavelength:

180 nm to 600 nm

Single Image:

local distribution of signals inside the flame

Excitation wavelength:

UV: 241,88 nm

VIS: 483,76 nm

(UV and VIS simultaneously)

Detected signals:

Rayleigh scattering: UV (+ 2nd order) and VIS

C2-LIF d-a / from d-a (0,0), (1,1), (2,2) ... excitations:

(Swan bands, starting at 518,0 nm)

C2-LIF / Swan band emissions:

(438 nm, 473 nm, 516 nm, 563 nm)

C2-LIF D-X / from D-X (0,1), (1,2) ... excitations:

(Mulliken bands, starting at 242 nm)

C2-LIF / Mulliken band emissions:

(231 nm, 242 nm)

further C2-emission from Mulliken band excitation:

(359 nm, 383 nm, 406 nm, 430 nm, 462 nm (2nd order))

C2-LIF / Deslandres d'Azambuja band emissions:

(339 nm, 360 nm, 385 nm, 410nm, 438 nm)

broadband fluorescence of hydrocarbon species:

(about 300 nm to 450 nm)

Detected signals:

Rayleigh scattering: UV and VIS

NO-LIF A-X / from A-X (0,2) and (1,3) excitations:

(starting at 247,8 nm (0,2) and 244,6 nm (1,3))

NO-LIF A-X emissions:

(301 nm, 286 nm, 272 nm, 260 nm, 248 nm, 237 nm, 227 nm, 215 nm)

OH-LIF A-X / from A-X (3,0) excitation:

(starting at: 244,3 nm (3,0))

OH-LIF A-X emissions:

(265 - 275 nm, 281 - 303 nm, 305 - 330 nm)

Rayleigh, NO-LIF and OH-LIF in 2nd order

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CCD dynamic: 12 bit / ICCD gain: 7,1 / entrance slit: 80 mm / sum of pulses: 50 /

VIS pulse energy: about 4,1 to 4,4 mJ/pulse

EES, point of measurement:

center (inner cone of the flame)

Excitation wavelength:

UV: 262,20 nm to 248,00 nm

VIS: no VIS excitation

Emission wavelength:

190 nm to 650 nm

EES, point of measurement:

off-center (outer range of the flame)

Excitation wavelength:

UV: 262,20 nm to 248,00 nm

VIS: no VIS excitation

Emission wavelength:

190 nm to 650 nm

Single Image:

local distribution of signals inside the flame

Excitation wavelength:

UV: 251,20 nm

VIS: no VIS excitation

Detected signals:

Rayleigh scattering: UV

C2-LIF / Swan band emissions:

(438 nm, 473 nm, 516 nm, 563 nm)

C2-LIF D-X / from D-X (0,2), (1,3) ... excitations:

(Mulliken bands, starting at 253 nm)

C2-LIF / Mulliken band emissions:

(231 nm, 242 nm, 252 nm)

C2-LIF / Deslandres d'Azambuja band emissions:

(360 nm, 385 nm, 410nm, 438 nm)

broadband fluorescence of hydrocarbon species:

(about 300 nm to 450 nm)

Detected signals:

Rayleigh scattering: UV

NO-LIF A-X / from A-X (0,3) and (1,4) excitations:

(starting at 259,5 nm (0,3) and 255,8 nm (1,4))

NO-LIF A-X emissions:

(301 nm, 286 nm, 272 nm, 260 nm, 248 nm, 237 nm, 227 nm, 215 nm)

OH-LIF A-X / from A-X (3,0) excitation:

(starting at: 244,3 nm (3,0))

OH-LIF A-X emissions:

(265 - 275 nm, 281 - 303 nm, 305 - 330 nm)

OH-LIF A-X / from A-X (2,0) excitation:

(starting at: 259,2 nm (2,0))

OH-LIF A-X emissions:

(259 - 275 nm, 278 - 302 nm, 302 - 335 nm)

hot O2-LIF (see also chapter O2)

Rayleigh, NO-LIF and OH-LIF in 2nd order

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CCD dynamic: 12 bit / ICCD gain: 9,9 / entrance slit:100 mm / sum of pulses: 50 /

UV pulse energy: not measured

EES, point of measurement:

center (inner cone of the flame)

Excitation wavelength:

UV: 248,50 nm to 238,00 nm

VIS: no VIS excitation

Emission wavelength:

190 nm to 605 nm

EES, point of measurement:

off-center (outer range of the flame)

Excitation wavelength:

UV: 248,50 nm to 238,00 nm

VIS: no VIS excitation

Emission wavelength:

190 nm to 605 nm

Single Image:

local distribution of signals inside the flame

Excitation wavelength:

UV: 241,88 nm

VIS: no VIS excitation

Detected signals:

Rayleigh scattering: UV (+ 2nd order)

C2-LIF / Swan band emissions:

(438 nm, 473 nm, 516 nm, 563 nm)

C2-LIF D-X / from D-X (0,1), (1,2) ... excitations:

(Mulliken bands, starting at 242 nm)

C2-LIF / Mulliken band emissions:

(231 nm, 242 nm)

further C2-emission from Mulliken band excitation:

(359 nm, 383 nm, 406 nm, 430 nm, 462 nm (2nd order))

C2-LIF / Deslandres d'Azambuja band emissions:

(360 nm, 385 nm, 410nm, 438 nm)

broadband fluorescence of hydrocarbon species:

(about 300 nm to 450 nm)

Detected signals:

Rayleigh scattering: UV

NO-LIF A-X / from A-X (0,2) and (1,3) excitations:

(starting at 247,8 nm (0,2) and 244,6 nm (1,3))

NO-LIF A-X emissions:

(301 nm, 286 nm, 272 nm, 260 nm, 248 nm, 237 nm, 227 nm, 215 nm)

OH-LIF A-X / from A-X (3,0) excitation:

(starting at: 244,3 nm (3,0))

OH-LIF A-X emissions:

(265 - 275 nm, 281 - 303 nm, 305 - 330 nm)

hot O2-LIF (weak)

Rayleigh, NO-LIF and OH-LIF in 2nd order

Download common measurement report for detailed informations about flame, laser beam position, pulse energy, ICCD gain, etc:

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CCD dynamic: 12 bit / ICCD gain: 9,9 / entrance slit:100 mm / sum of pulses: 50 /

UV pulse energy: not measured